Selenium Faq's

1. What is automation and advantages of automation

A. The process of converting the manual test cases to test scripts by using any automation tools is known as automation.

Advantages:

1. It saves time by executing the test cases without manual effort

2. CTC (Cost to the company)can be saved.

3. We can maintain accuracy by repeating the same task in same manner.

4. Bugs can be Identified.

5. We can report the bugs to the developer.

6. We can ensure for quality.

2. What are the components  available in Selenium 

A. Selenium contains 4 components.

                1. Selenium IDE

                2.Selenium Web Driver

                3.Selenium RC

                4.Selenium Grid

3. Why should we go for Selenium instead of Qtp

                                (or)

How is Selenium different from commercial browser automation tools?

A. 1.Selenium is an open source automation tool

2. It supports multiple languages like Java, C#, Perl, Python, Ruby, HTML

3. It supports multiple browser Google chrome, Safari, Opera and ,IE

4. Supports Windows, Linux and Mac

5. Supports Web and mobile applications.

6. It's very flexible and extendable.

4.What is Selenium IDE

A.1.IDE stands for integrated Development environment.

2.It is for record and run the scripts.

3.Selenium IDE is an add on for Firefox

4.Its accountable for user actions

5.Recorded script can be viewed in the supported languages like HTML, JAVA, C#, Ruby, Python.

6.Recorded  script can be run against other browsers also by using Selenium RC or Web driver

5.How to capture screen shot in web driver.

A. We can capture screenshot by using below two lines:

File scrFile=((TakesScreenshot)driver.getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, newFile(“D:\\screenshot.png”));

6.How to maximize the browser in Webdriver.

A. driver.manage().window().maximize();

7.How to run Selenium server from command prompt.

A.1. Go to command prompt.

2. Give the path, Where the selenium server is saved

                ex:cd E:Library

3. Use the command “java –jar selenium-server-standalone-

2.44.0.jar”

8.What is Selenium RC

A. RC stands for remote control. It is a server and it launches browsers. It acts as API and library. It controls the entire automation.

9.How many test cases can be automated per day.

A. It always depends on the application and test cases. But on and average we can automate 5 to 6 test cases per day.

Ex:1. For analyzing the test cases

 2.Developing the script

3.Stabilizing the script.

10. What challenges you have faced with selenium.

A. Challenge means problems or issues

1.Maintaining synchronization is a challenge in Selenium.

2.Handling Desktop ,Flex, Flash elements with selenium.

3.Proving the user defined results a challenge.

4.Taking the data from the application is a challenge.

11.How to handle SSL Certificate issue in Firefox with Webdriver (or)How do you handle the secured connection error in HTTPS?

A.FirefoxProfile profile=new FirefoxProfile();

Profile.setAcceptUntrustedCertificates(true);

Profile.setAssumeUntrustedCertificateIssuer(false);

Driver=new FirefoxDriver(profile);

12. What is the latest version of Selenium available.

A.Selenium-server-standalone-2.45.o.jar

13. How  to handle SSL certification issue in IE

A. Add the below command after opening the browser.

Driver.navigate().to(“javascript:document.getElementById(‘overridelidriver.navigate().to(“javascript:document.getElementById(‘overridelink’).click()”);

14. How to change the port number for Selenium RC

A.Syntax: -jar seleniumJarfileName –port anyFourdigitNo

Ex:-jar selenium-server-standalone-2.44.0.jar –port 1234

15. How do you start Selenium RC from command prompt?

A.1. Save the selenium jar file(Selenium-server-standalone-2.34.0.jar)in any folder(Ex              :D:/Library)

2. Open command prompt.

3. Navigate to the path where you saved the jar file and follow the below steps

D:

   cd D://Library

java –jar selenium-server-standalone-2.44.0.jar

16. What locators available in Selenium RC

A. ID

Name

CSS(Cascade style sheet)

XPATH(Relative xpath and absolute path)

Dom

17. What locators available in selenium Webdriver

A.ID

Name

CSS

XPath

Classname

TagNAme

LinkText

PartialLink Text

18. How to create Default Selenium object and what parameters needs to be pass 

A.DefaultSelenium selenium=newDefaultSelenium(“localhost”,4444,”*firefox”,”http://’’);

Localhost=It is the machine name and selenium server should be configured in the specific machine

4444-Its selenium port number.

*firefox-Its is the command to a launch firefox

http:// -Protocol to open URL

19. How many types of XPaths are available

A. XPath is of two types:

1.Relative XPath

2.Absolute XPath

20.What is the difference between single and double slash in XPath.

A.”//” is the starting point of the XPath.

:/”will navigate in to the tag.

Ex://html/head/body/div1/div2/…..

21. How to handle Alerts and Confirmation Alerts in WebDriver 

A. We have to navigate  to Alert or confirmation as below,

driver.switchTo().alert()

To click or cancel on alert or confirmation Alert then follow as below

driver.switchTo().accept();-To click OK

driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();-To click Cancel

22. How to handle Popup in Webdriver.

A. We have to navigate to the popup as below

driver.switchTo().window(“Window.Name”);

To navigate from Popup to main window

driver.switchTo().window(“Main Window Name”);

23. How  to handle dynamically changing popup in webdriver

A. Dynamic means the Name is not constant. It changes frequently

Use the below approach to handle Dynamically changing popup

Set<String>s=driver.getWindowHandles();

Object popup[]=s.toArray();

driver.switchTo().window(poup[1].toString());

24. Is it possible to handle the multiple popup in webdriver 

A. Yes

We can handle it by using multiple popup in webdriver.

driver.getWindowHandles();

25. How to capture window name

A. driver.getWindowHandle();

26. How to launch Firefox,Safari and Opera with Webdriver

A. Firefox,Safari and Opera we be launch by using below commands.

WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();

WebDriver driver=new OperaDriver();

WebDriver driver=new SafariDriver();

27. How  to launch Internet Explore.

A. For IE, We need the supported “Internet Explorer Driver Server". It can be downloaded from the below site:

http://docs.selenium hq.org/download/

Below code is to launch IE.

System.setProperty(“webdriver.ie.driver”,”E://Library\\IEDriverServer.Exe”);

“E.\\Library\\IEDriverServer.exe”);

driver=new InternetExplorerDriver();

driver.get("http://gmail.com”);

28. How to launch Google chrome

A. For Google chrome, We need the supported “ChromeDriver”

Exe file. Can be downloaded from the below site:

http://code.google.com/p/chromedriver/downloads/list

Below code is to launch Google chrome

System.setProperty(“webdriver.chrome.driver”,”E:\\Library\\chromedriver.exe”);

driver=new ChromeDriver();

driver.get(“http://gmail.com”);

29. Brief about the Disadvantages of Selenium

A. Selenium supports webappliactions.It doesn’t support Desktop applications.

30. How to handle Desktop, Flex and Flash objects in Selenium .

A. We can use SIKKULI as an add-on for selenium to support Desktop, Flex and flash objects.

Sikuli is an open source automation tool developed on JAVA can be downloaded from:https://launchpad.net/sikkuli/+download

31. How  to take data from excel(xls)file

A. FileInputStream fi=new FileInputStream(“Path of the excel file”);

Workbook w=Workbook.getWorkbook(fi);

Sheet s=w.getSheet(0);

It will read the excel file up to the sheet. To take the data from sheet use below command.

s.getCell(columned,rowID).getContents())

ex:s.getCell(0,1).getContents();

32. How  to create Excel file

A. FileOutputStream fo=new FileOutputStream(“Path to create xls file”);

WritableWorkbook wb=Workbook.create Workbook();

WritableSheet ws=wb.createSheet(“Results”,0);

Label un=new Label(0,0,”Username”);

Ws.addCell(un);

Wb.write();

Wb.close();

33. How to print data from notepad(txt file)

File f=new File(“E:\\data2.txt”);

FileReader fr=new BufferReader(fr);

Stringstr;

While((str=br.readLine())!=null))

{

System.out.println(str);

}

34. How to create and write data in to txtfile

File f=new File(“E:\\data2.txt”);

FileWriter fw=new FileWriter(f);

BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(fw);

bw.write(“sreekanth”);

bw.newLine();

bw.write(“hyderabad”);

bw.newLine();

bw.write(“AP”);

bw.close();

fw.close();

35. How  to take or print data from XML file

File f=new File(“D://file.XML”);

DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

DocumentBuilder dBuilder=dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();

Document doc=dBuilder.parse(fXmlFile);

Doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();

System.out.println(“Root element :”+doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName());

NodeList nList=doc.getElementsByTagName(“staff”);

System.out.println(“---------------------------”);

for(int temp=0; temp<nList.getLength();temp++)

{

Node nNode=nList.item(temp);

System.out.println(“\nCurrentElement :”+nNode.getNodeName());

If(nNode.getNodeType()=Node.ELEMENT_NODE)

{

Node nNode=nList.item(temp);

System.out.println(“\nCurrentElement:”+eElement.getAttribute(“id”));

Element eElement=(Element)nNode;

System.out.println(“Staffid :”+eElement.getAttribute(“id”));

System.out.println(“FirstName :”+eElement.getElementsByTagName(“firstname”).item(0).getTextContent());

System.out.println(“LastName :”+eElement.getElementsByTagName(“lastname”).item(0).getTextContent());

System.out.println(“Nick Name :”+eElement.getElementsByTagName(“nickname”).item(0).getTextContent());

System.out.println(“Salary :”+eElement.getElementsByTagName(“salary”).item(0).getTextContent());

}

}

36. What is Ant or Apache Ant

Ant is a java based build management tool. The process of converting the source code to software system(executable code)is known as build. There are number of steps to convert the source code to executable code. Ant will manages all the steps with Build.xml file. Steps to convert the source code to software.

1.Taking the source code from src repository.

2. Preparing the build area.

3. Compiling the source code.

4.Build the compiled  code to executable code.

37. What is Maven

Maven is also Java based build management tool. It is the advanced version of Ant.

38. What is the differences between Ant &Maven

1. Maven is widely preferred than Ant. Ant is an order tool.

2. It doesn’t come with formal conventions such as common project directory. Maven consists of conventions.

3. Ant is procedural. Maven is declarative. It means in Ant, you have to specify the order what should have to be done ,where as Maven takes care of all the directions once the files are stored in the po.xml file.

4. Another difference that can be seen is that Ant does not have a lifecycle whereas Maven has a lifecycle.

5. The scripts in Ant are not reusable whereas Maven comes with reusable plug-in.

39. What are the disadvantages of using Selenium as testing tool.

It doesn’t support desktop or windows based applications. But we can overcome by using tools like SIKKULI or Auto IT.

40. How do you handle Ajax controls using selenium? E.g. typing in search engine how  do you capture the auto suggestion

A. Ajax control means when we enter some text in the Google textbox, it display the auto suggested values. The textbox is an Ajax control.

Type the value in the textbox and capture all the suggested values in a string.

Split the string and take the values.

41. How  do you select the end item in a List box or drop down.

A.newSelect(driver.findElement(By.id(“id”))).selectByindex(index);

42. Brief about your framework

A. Its hybrid framework where it’s a combination of Keyword driven (TestNG) and Data driven framework. Advantage of Hybrid framework is, we can utilize the advantages of both keyword driven and Data driven frameworks.

43. What is the difference between assert and verify commands/

A. Verify command will not stop execution of test case if verification fails. It will log an error and proceed with execution of rest of the test case. Assert command will stop execution of test case if verification fails. It will log an error and proceed with execution of rest of the test case.

44. Explain about your reporting method

A.Bug reporting is always a amnual process.Getting the test report from the automation tool and analyze the report for bugs.If Identified,report the bugs by using QC or Bugzilla or JIRA

45. What is the difference between Selenium RC and Webdriver

A. 1. We can access all the latest browsers.

2. Not necessary to start the selenium server to run the webdriver programs

3. Webdriver by default maintains page load synchronization ,for page refresh we need to handle it.

4. Its executing auto scroll down action in to the application while executing the script

5. We can develop both webdriver commands and RC in a single class.

6. We can effectively take the information from application.

46. What are all the things cannot be done through selenium IDE

A. We can't perform below testing's

1. Regression testing

2. Retesting

3. static testing's like GUI and Validations

4. DB Testing

5. It doesn’t provide test report.

47. Brief about Selenium grid

A. It is for parallel execution. We can launch all the browsers parallelly and the scripts can be executed on it parallelly.

48. How to use selenium for performance testing 

A. Selenium is functional testing automation tool. It’s not for performance testing. We can generate only the load by using selenium.

49. How to get all the links in HTTP://Google.co.in

A. Link means anchor tag in any application. Identify all the links by using find elements and tag name. Get all the links to list variables and take the targeted link by using for loop and if condition.

50. Is it possible to handle multiple popups in selenium?

A. Yes, We can handle with the command getWindowHandles(). Take all the window names into Set<String> variable and convert it to array. Use the array index to navigate to specific window by using driver.switchTo().window(ArrayIndex;)

51. Difference between JUnit and TestNg Framework 

A. Junit vs TestNg

1. We need to implement all the test methods very independently in JUnit. Not necessary in TestNg.

2. Junit contains very limited Annotations like @Before class, @Before,@Test,@After and @Afterclass.

TestNG contains multiple Annotations like @BeforeSuite,@BeforeTest,@BeforeClass,@BeforeMethod,@Test,@AfterMethod,@AfterClass,@AfterTestand @AfterSuite

3. TestNG provides html result file default where as in Junit it won't provide html result file by default.

52. If the default port of selenium is busy then which port you will use?

A. Selenium by default uses 4444portno.If the port is already used by any other server then we can change it to any other 4 digit no

Ex:5555 or 1234 or 6666

53. how much time we can save with automation.

A. It always depends on the project and test cases. But on and average we can save around 50% to 60% of the time.

54. What is automation lifecycle or automation approach or automation plan

A. Do the POC for the project

2. Execute or review all the manual test cases to get the functional knowledge of the project and to identify the test cases for automation.

3. Develop the framework.

4. Prepare the test scripts for all the identified test cases

5.Integrate the scripts with framework for execution

6. Before executing identify the build changes, if available update the scripts.

7.execute the scripts and capture all the results in separate folder

8. Analyze the test report and identify the bugs.

9.Report the bugs manually to the developer by using some reporting tool.

55. Write a program to get all the textboxes in mail. In register page with webdriver.

A. List<WebElement>

Str=driver.findElements(By.tagName(“textbox tagname”));

System.out.println(str.size());

for(int i=0;i<str.size();i++)

{

System.out.println(str.getAttribute(“id”));..To prnt ids

}

56. How  to execute scripts on other machines remotely

A. URL url=new URL(“http”,”localhost”,4444,”/wd/hub”);

DesiredCapabilities capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.Internetexplorer();

Capabilities.setJavascriptEnabled(true);

WebDriver driver=newRemoteWebDriver(url.capabilities);

driver.get(“http://www.google.com”);

Note:Provide IP address of other machines instead of localhost

57. How to Mouse over on one element by using webdriver 

A. WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();

driver.manage().window().maximize();

driver.get(“http://spicejet.com”);

Actions a=new Actions(driver);

webElement str=driver.findElement(By.linkText(“About Us”));

a.moveToElement(str).build.perform();

58. How to scroll down and scroll up in the browser 

A. webdriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();

Driver.manage().window().maximize();

Actions a=new Actions(driver);

a.KeyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys(keys.END).build().perform();

Thread.sleep();

a.KeyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys(Keys.HOME).build().perform();

a.KeyDown(Keys.ALT).sendKeys(Keys.F1).build().perform();